network topology

network topology 

   Network topology is refers to the layout of the computers and devices in a communication network .~Shelly Cashman~

It refers to both physical and logical layout on network 
    Physical Topology: physical layout of nodes, workstation and cables in network 

     Logical Toplogy: path that data travels between computer on a network 


Type of network topology 

Bus Network Topology 

bus network drawing

🌼The bus is the physical cable that connects the computer and other devices(nodes)

🌼Bus in a bus network transmit data, instruction and information as a series of signal

🌼Those signal are sent as electrical pulses that travel along the length of cable in all direction.

Advantages 

❀Inexpensive and easy to install 

❀Computers and other nodes can be attached and detached at any point on the bus without disturbing rest of the network.

Disadvantages

❀a break in cable will prevent all systems from accessing network because all sysytrem connect to a single cable or backbone.

❀difficult to identify problem if entire network shut down

Star network topology 

star network drawing

🌼 All computers and devices on network connect to a central device thus forming a star.
🌼Two types pf communication devices that provide common central connection point to all nodes on the network are hub and switch
   HUB :is the central point of connection for a cable segments in a physical star topology 
   SWITCH: connection devices similar to a hub but more sophisticated including functionally that allows it to control and manage data transmissions.

Advantages
❀if one node fails,only that node is affected
❀easy to troubleshoot and isolate problem.
Disadvantage
❀if hub or switch fail, the entire network will be inoperable 
❀more expensive because of the cost of hub/switch.

Ring Network Topology 

ring network topology

🌼 on a ring network, a cable forms a closed loop with all computers and devices arranged along the ring.

🌼data transfer in ring network from one to one node in one direction(clockwise or counterclockwise)

 Advantages 

❀cable faults are easily located making troubleshoot easier.

❀transsmision of data is relatively simple as packets travel in one direction.

Disadvantages

❀failure in any cable or nodes breaks the loop and can take down entire network.

❀more difficult to install than bus network,.